2.11: Gaussian Triple Integral Algorithm
- Page ID
- 8728
To approximate the integral
\[I=\int_{a}^{b} \int_{c}^{d} \int_{e}^{f} F(x, y, z) d z d y d x\]
where it is assumed that the roots R and coefficients C are stored in two-dimensional arrays.
BEGIN
h1 = (b – a)/2
h2 = (b + a)/2
I = 0
FOR i = 1, 2,..., m DO
Ix = 0
x = h1*R[m][i] + h2
k1 = (d – c)/2
k2 = (d + c)/2
FOR j = 1, 2,..., n DO
Iy = 0
y = k1*R[n][i] + k2
l1 = (f – e)/2
l2 = (f + e)/2
FOR k = 1, 2,..., p DO
z = l1*R[p][k] + l2
Iy = Iy + C[p][k]*F(x, y, z)
END FOR { k-loop }
Ix = Ix + C[n][j]*l1*Iy
END FOR { j-loop }
I = I + C[m][i]*k1*Ix
END FOR { i-loop }
I = h1*I
PRINT I
END
This algorithm may be generalised further by allowing limits e and f to be functions e(x,y) and f(x,y) and c and d to be functions c(x) and d(x). For our purposes the limits of integration are fixed values.
Applying this algorithm to equation (28) for the Bond albedo and identifying μ with x, we see that
\[\frac{A}{2}=\int_{0}^{1} \int_{0}^{2 \pi} \int_{0}^{1} \times f_{r}(x, \mu, \alpha ; \ldots) \mu d \mu d \phi d x\]
and by further identifying z with μ and y with φ
\[\mathrm{F}(\mathrm{x}, \mathrm{y}, \mathrm{z})=2 \mathrm{x} \mathrm{z} f_{r}(\mathrm{x}, \mathrm{z}, \alpha ; \ldots)\]
where a is itself a function of x,y and z [cf. equation (26)]
\[\alpha=\cos ^{-1}\left[\mathrm{xz}+\sqrt{\left(1-\mathrm{x}^{2}\right)\left(1-\mathrm{z}^{2}\right)} \cos \mathrm{y}\right].\]
For the phase integral, there is no need to invoke the likes of equation (32) since the intensity I(α) is explicitly expressed in terms of α and one stage of the integration is with respect to α. The parameters, … , are, of course, not variables since they retain their values for the duration of the integration.
When applying these integrals it is strongly suggested that A, p and q each be calculated independently in order to verify that the relationship A = p q holds. Taking shortcuts may bury insidious bugs, some possibly as simple as a typo., inside a program and result in at least two undetected erroneous results.