In modern language and notation, it states that the force \(F\) between two point masses \(m_{1}\) and \(m_{2}\) separated by a distance \(r\) is given by The gravitational force between the Earth of ...In modern language and notation, it states that the force \(F\) between two point masses \(m_{1}\) and \(m_{2}\) separated by a distance \(r\) is given by The gravitational force between the Earth of mass \(M_{\oplus}\) and an object on the surface of mass \(m\) is (in magnitude) By Newton's second law, the gravitational force on \(m\) at the Earth's surface is \(F=m a=m g\), so \(g=F / m\), and we have
