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- https://phys.libretexts.org/Courses/Georgia_State_University/GSU-TM-Physics_II_(2212)/12%3A__Nuclear_Physics/12.04%3A_Nuclear_ReactionsThe positron \(_1^0e\) is emitted with the neutrino \(\nu\), and the neutron remains in the nucleus. (Like \(\beta^-\) decay, the positron does not precede the decay but is produced in the decay.) For...The positron \(_1^0e\) is emitted with the neutrino \(\nu\), and the neutron remains in the nucleus. (Like \(\beta^-\) decay, the positron does not precede the decay but is produced in the decay.) For an isolated proton, this process is impossible because the neutron is heavier than the proton.
- https://phys.libretexts.org/Courses/Georgia_State_University/GSU-TM-Introductory_Physics_II_(1112)/12%3A__Nuclear_Physics/12.05%3A_Nuclear_ReactionsEarly experiments revealed three types of nuclear “rays” or radiation: alpha (α) rays, beta (β) rays, and gamma (γ) rays. These three types of radiation are differentiated by their ability to pen...Early experiments revealed three types of nuclear “rays” or radiation: alpha (α) rays, beta (β) rays, and gamma (γ) rays. These three types of radiation are differentiated by their ability to penetrate matter. Alpha radiation is barely able to pass through a thin sheet of paper. Beta radiation can penetrate aluminum to a depth of about 3 mm, and gamma radiation can penetrate lead to a depth of 2 or more centimeters.
- https://phys.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/University_Physics/University_Physics_(OpenStax)/University_Physics_III_-_Optics_and_Modern_Physics_(OpenStax)/10%3A__Nuclear_Physics/10.05%3A_Nuclear_ReactionsEarly experiments revealed three types of nuclear “rays” or radiation: alpha (α) rays, beta (β) rays, and gamma (γ) rays. These three types of radiation are differentiated by their ability to pen...Early experiments revealed three types of nuclear “rays” or radiation: alpha (α) rays, beta (β) rays, and gamma (γ) rays. These three types of radiation are differentiated by their ability to penetrate matter. Alpha radiation is barely able to pass through a thin sheet of paper. Beta radiation can penetrate aluminum to a depth of about 3 mm, and gamma radiation can penetrate lead to a depth of 2 or more centimeters.
- https://phys.libretexts.org/Courses/Bowdoin_College/Phys1140%3A_Introductory_Physics_II%3A_Part_2/07%3A__Nuclear_Physics/7.05%3A_Nuclear_ReactionsEarly experiments revealed three types of nuclear “rays” or radiation: alpha (α) rays, beta (β) rays, and gamma (γ) rays. These three types of radiation are differentiated by their ability to pen...Early experiments revealed three types of nuclear “rays” or radiation: alpha (α) rays, beta (β) rays, and gamma (γ) rays. These three types of radiation are differentiated by their ability to penetrate matter. Alpha radiation is barely able to pass through a thin sheet of paper. Beta radiation can penetrate aluminum to a depth of about 3 mm, and gamma radiation can penetrate lead to a depth of 2 or more centimeters.
