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- https://phys.libretexts.org/Courses/Grossmont_College/ASTR_110%3A_Astronomy_(Fitzgerald)/11%3A_Birth_of_Stars_to_Main_Sequence_Stage/11.04%3A_Cosmic_RaysCosmic rays are particles that travel through interstellar space at a typical speed of 90% of the speed of light. The most abundant elements in cosmic rays are the nuclei of hydrogen and helium, but e...Cosmic rays are particles that travel through interstellar space at a typical speed of 90% of the speed of light. The most abundant elements in cosmic rays are the nuclei of hydrogen and helium, but electrons and positrons are also found. It is likely that many cosmic rays are produced in supernova shocks.
- https://phys.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Nuclear_and_Particle_Physics/Nuclear_and_Particle_Physics_(Walet)/08%3A_Symmetries_of_the_theory_of_strong_interactions/8.02%3A_Strange_Particles\[\begin{aligned} M_{n}&=&938\;{\rm MeV}\nonumber\\ M_{p}&=&939\;{\rm MeV}\nonumber\\ M_{\Lambda^0}&=&1115\;{\rm MeV}\nonumber\\ M_{\Sigma^+}&=&1189\;{\rm MeV}\nonumber\\ M_{\Sigma^0}&=&1193\;{\rm MeV...Mn=938MeVMp=939MeVMΛ0=1115MeVMΣ+=1189MeVMΣ0=1193MeVMΣ−=1197MeVMΞ0=1315MeVMΞ−=1321MeV
- https://phys.libretexts.org/Courses/Grand_Rapids_Community_College/PH246_Calculus_Physics_II_(2025)/07%3A_Magnetic_Forces_and_Fields/7.04%3A_Motion_of_a_Charged_Particle_in_a_Magnetic_FieldA charged particle experiences a force when moving through a magnetic field. What happens if this field is uniform over the motion of the charged particle? What path does the particle follow? In this ...A charged particle experiences a force when moving through a magnetic field. What happens if this field is uniform over the motion of the charged particle? What path does the particle follow? In this section, we discuss the circular motion of the charged particle as well as other motion that results from a charged particle entering a magnetic field.
- https://phys.libretexts.org/Courses/Muhlenberg_College/Physics_122%3A_General_Physics_II_(Collett)/07%3A_Magnetic_Forces_and_Fields/7.04%3A_Motion_of_a_Charged_Particle_in_a_Magnetic_FieldA charged particle experiences a force when moving through a magnetic field. What happens if this field is uniform over the motion of the charged particle? What path does the particle follow? In this ...A charged particle experiences a force when moving through a magnetic field. What happens if this field is uniform over the motion of the charged particle? What path does the particle follow? In this section, we discuss the circular motion of the charged particle as well as other motion that results from a charged particle entering a magnetic field.
- https://phys.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Astronomy__Cosmology/Astronomy_1e_(OpenStax)/20%3A_Between_the_Stars_-_Gas_and_Dust_in_Space/20.04%3A_Cosmic_RaysCosmic rays are particles that travel through interstellar space at a typical speed of 90% of the speed of light. The most abundant elements in cosmic rays are the nuclei of hydrogen and helium, but e...Cosmic rays are particles that travel through interstellar space at a typical speed of 90% of the speed of light. The most abundant elements in cosmic rays are the nuclei of hydrogen and helium, but electrons and positrons are also found. It is likely that many cosmic rays are produced in supernova shocks.
- https://phys.libretexts.org/Courses/Georgia_State_University/GSU-TM-Physics_II_(2212)/07%3A_Sources_of_Magnetism_Magnetic_Forces_and_Fields/7.04%3A_Motion_of_a_Charged_Particle_in_a_Magnetic_FieldThe pitch is given by Equation ???, the period is given by Equation ???, and the radius of circular motion is given by Equation ???. Note that the velocity in the radius equation ...The pitch is given by Equation ???, the period is given by Equation ???, and the radius of circular motion is given by Equation ???. Note that the velocity in the radius equation is related to only the perpendicular velocity, which is where the circular motion occurs.
- https://phys.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/University_Physics/University_Physics_(OpenStax)/University_Physics_II_-_Thermodynamics_Electricity_and_Magnetism_(OpenStax)/11%3A_Magnetic_Forces_and_Fields/11.04%3A_Motion_of_a_Charged_Particle_in_a_Magnetic_FieldA charged particle experiences a force when moving through a magnetic field. What happens if this field is uniform over the motion of the charged particle? What path does the particle follow? In this ...A charged particle experiences a force when moving through a magnetic field. What happens if this field is uniform over the motion of the charged particle? What path does the particle follow? In this section, we discuss the circular motion of the charged particle as well as other motion that results from a charged particle entering a magnetic field.
- https://phys.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Astronomy__Cosmology/Astronomy_2e_(OpenStax)/20%3A_Between_the_Stars_-_Gas_and_Dust_in_Space/20.05%3A_Cosmic_RaysCosmic rays are particles that travel through interstellar space at a typical speed of 90% of the speed of light. The most abundant elements in cosmic rays are the nuclei of hydrogen and helium, but e...Cosmic rays are particles that travel through interstellar space at a typical speed of 90% of the speed of light. The most abundant elements in cosmic rays are the nuclei of hydrogen and helium, but electrons and positrons are also found. It is likely that many cosmic rays are produced in supernova shocks.
- https://phys.libretexts.org/Courses/Kettering_University/Electricity_and_Magnetism_with_Applications_to_Amateur_Radio_and_Wireless_Technology/08%3A_The_Magnetic_Field/8.07%3A_Motion_of_a_Charged_Particle_in_a_Magnetic_FieldA charged particle experiences a force when moving through a magnetic field. What happens if this field is uniform over the motion of the charged particle? What path does the particle follow? In this ...A charged particle experiences a force when moving through a magnetic field. What happens if this field is uniform over the motion of the charged particle? What path does the particle follow? In this section, we discuss the circular motion of the charged particle as well as other motion that results from a charged particle entering a magnetic field.
