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    • https://phys.libretexts.org/Courses/Coalinga_College/Physical_Science_for_Educators_(CID%3A_PHYS_14)/03%3A_Atomic_Theory_and_Periodic_Table/3.03%3A_Electronic_Structure_of_Atoms_(Electron_Configurations)
      The relative energy of the subshells determine the order in which atomic orbitals are filled. Electron configurations and orbital diagrams can be determined by applying the Pauli exclusion principle (...The relative energy of the subshells determine the order in which atomic orbitals are filled. Electron configurations and orbital diagrams can be determined by applying the Pauli exclusion principle (no two electrons can have the same set of four quantum numbers) and Hund’s rule (whenever possible, electrons retain unpaired spins in degenerate orbitals). Electrons in the outermost orbitals, called valence electrons, are responsible for most of the chemical behavior of elements.
    • https://phys.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/University_Physics/University_Physics_(OpenStax)/University_Physics_III_-_Optics_and_Modern_Physics_(OpenStax)/08%3A_Atomic_Structure/8.05%3A_The_Exclusion_Principle_and_the_Periodic_Table
      The structure and chemical properties of atoms are explained in part by Pauli’s exclusion principle: No two electrons in an atom can have the same values for all four quantum numbers (n,l,m,ms). This ...The structure and chemical properties of atoms are explained in part by Pauli’s exclusion principle: No two electrons in an atom can have the same values for all four quantum numbers (n,l,m,ms). This principle is related to two properties of electrons: All electrons are identical and they have half-integral spin (s=1/2).
    • https://phys.libretexts.org/Courses/Fresno_City_College/NATSCI-1A%3A_Natural_Science_for_Educators_Fresno_City_College_(CID%3A_PHYS_140)/15%3A_Atomic_Theory_and_Periodic_Table/15.09%3A_Electronic_Structure_of_Atoms_(Electron_Configurations)
      The relative energy of the subshells determine the order in which atomic orbitals are filled. Electron configurations and orbital diagrams can be determined by applying the Pauli exclusion principle (...The relative energy of the subshells determine the order in which atomic orbitals are filled. Electron configurations and orbital diagrams can be determined by applying the Pauli exclusion principle (no two electrons can have the same set of four quantum numbers) and Hund’s rule (whenever possible, electrons retain unpaired spins in degenerate orbitals). Electrons in the outermost orbitals, called valence electrons, are responsible for most of the chemical behavior of elements.
    • https://phys.libretexts.org/Courses/Georgia_State_University/GSU-TM-Physics_II_(2212)/13%3A_Atomic_Structure/13.04%3A_The_Exclusion_Principle_and_the_Periodic_Table
      Subshells are determined by the value of l; thus, we first determine which values of l are allowed, and then we apply the equation “maximum number of electrons that can be in a \(subshell = 2(2l + 1\)...Subshells are determined by the value of l; thus, we first determine which values of l are allowed, and then we apply the equation “maximum number of electrons that can be in a \(subshell = 2(2l + 1\))” to find the number of electrons in each subshell. The structure of the periodic table (Figure \(\PageIndex{1}\)) can be understood in terms of shells and subshells, and, ultimately, the total energy, orbital angular momentum, and spin of the electrons in the atom.

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