If \(\vec P\) is in the z direction and arises from n dipole moments \(\overrightarrow{\mathrm{p}}=\mathrm{q} \overrightarrow{\mathrm{d}} \) per cubic meter, where \(\vec d\) is the offset [m] of the ...If \(\vec P\) is in the z direction and arises from n dipole moments \(\overrightarrow{\mathrm{p}}=\mathrm{q} \overrightarrow{\mathrm{d}} \) per cubic meter, where \(\vec d\) is the offset [m] of the positive charge relative to the negative charge, then (2.5.12) can be integrated over a volume V that encloses a unit area of the left-hand face of a polarized dielectric [see Figure 2.5.1(d)] to yield the polarization overlinetor \(\vec P\) inside the dielectric:
