A molecule is the smallest particle of a covalent compound that still has the properties of the compound. The diagram in the figure below shows an example of covalent bonds between two atoms of the sa...A molecule is the smallest particle of a covalent compound that still has the properties of the compound. The diagram in the figure below shows an example of covalent bonds between two atoms of the same element, in this case two atoms of oxygen. A: The two oxygen atoms share two pairs of electrons, so two covalent bonds hold the oxygen molecule together. A covalent bond is the force of attraction that holds together two atoms that share a pair of valence electrons.