High-order modulation schemes enable many digital bits to be sent in each hertz of bandwidth and are only possible because of the evolution of digital signal processing and because of advances in high...High-order modulation schemes enable many digital bits to be sent in each hertz of bandwidth and are only possible because of the evolution of digital signal processing and because of advances in high-density, low-power digital electronics. Before the discussion of PSK a concept called carrier recovery is discussed in Section 2.7 as the necessity to do this was behind the development of a variety of PSK modulation schemes.