We apply the Energy-Interaction and Three-Phase Models to understand pure substances and chemical reactions, using Energy-Interaction Diagrams to track energy changes in closed and open systems. These...We apply the Energy-Interaction and Three-Phase Models to understand pure substances and chemical reactions, using Energy-Interaction Diagrams to track energy changes in closed and open systems. These diagrams outline initial and final states for systematic analysis. Examples like mixing substances and heating water show energy transfers, and ATP hydrolysis illustrates bond energy changes related to energy release or absorption.
