where M is the mass of an object being orbited, r is the distance to an orbiting object, and T is the period of the orbiting object. Once you have all four moons filled out (Io is already done as an e...where M is the mass of an object being orbited, r is the distance to an orbiting object, and T is the period of the orbiting object. Once you have all four moons filled out (Io is already done as an example), click on the equal sign for the “Averaged Jupiter Mass” at the bottom of the Results window. Report your results by indicating the average mass of Jupiter, based on the data (including Io) and the range of masses (your range of uncertainty) that your data encompass.