You will understand how the lensing effect depends on the relative positions of the source, lens and observer and understand that the mass of the lens can be determined using gravitational lensing. Yo...You will understand how the lensing effect depends on the relative positions of the source, lens and observer and understand that the mass of the lens can be determined using gravitational lensing. You will understand that objects such as dim stars, brown dwarfs, and stellar remnants (white dwarfs, neutron stars, black holes) can act as gravitational lenses - collectively called MACHOs.