Selected Physical Constants
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Physical Constant | Value |
---|---|
Speed of light in a vacuum | c=2.99792458×{10 meters/second 1010 centimeters/second \c={1 meter of distance/meter of light-travel time 1 centimeter of distance/centimeter of light-travel time |
Gravitational constant | G=6.673×{10)−11 meter 5/( kilogram-second ′)10−8 centimeter /( gram-second |
Planck constant | h=6.6261×{10−11 kilogram-meter 2/ second 210−27 gram-centimeter / second 2 |
Boltzmann constant | k=1.38066×{10−14 joule/degree Kelvin 10−16erg/ degree Kelvin |
Elementary charge | e={1.60218×10−19 coulombs 4.80321×10−10 esu or ( gram centimeter / second 2)1/2 |
Electron mass | mi=9.1094×{10−31 kilogram 10−2H gram |
Electron rest energy | mcc2=8.1871×{10−11 joules 10−7 ergs =0.510999MeV |
Proton mass | mp=1.67262×{10−27 kilogram 10−21 gram |
Proton rest energy | mpc2=1.503279×{10−10 joules 10−3ergs=938.272MeV |
Mass of Earth | M⊕=5.9742×{1021 kilograms 1027 grams |
Radius of a sphere having the same volume as Earth | R⊕=6.3710×{106 meters 10s centimeters |
Mean distance of Earth from Sun = "astronomical unit" | AU=1.495978×{1011 meters 1013 centimeters |
Mean speed of Earth in its orbit about Sun | v=29.78 kilometers/second |
Mean distance of Moon from Earth | 3.844×{10∗ meters 1010 centimeters |
Mass of Sun | M⊙=1.989×{1030 kilograms 1053 grams |
Mean radius of Sun | R0=6.9599×{10k meters 1010 centimeters |
Conversion Factors
From | To |
---|---|
1 second | =2.99792458×{108 meters 1010 centimeters } of light-travel time |
1 meter of light time travel | =3.335641×10−9 second |
1 centimeter of light time travel | =3.335641×10−11 second |
1 year | =3.156×107 seconds =9.460×{1015 meters 1017 centimeters } of light-travel time |
1 kilometer | =0.6214 mile |
1 electron-volt | =1.602×10−19 joule =1.602×10−12erg |