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- https://phys.libretexts.org/Workbench/Physics_3A/03%3A_Applying_Particle_Models_to_Matter/3.02%3A_Intro_Particle_Model_of_MatterWe introduce the Particle Model of Matter, focusing on interactions between neutral atoms and molecules. Using the Lennard-Jones potential, we describe how particles attract at moderate distances and ...We introduce the Particle Model of Matter, focusing on interactions between neutral atoms and molecules. Using the Lennard-Jones potential, we describe how particles attract at moderate distances and repel when too close. Key concepts include equilibrium separation, binding energy, and oscillation about equilibrium. These interactions form the basis for understanding phases, as bound particles form solids or liquids, while unbound particles form gases at higher energies.
- https://phys.libretexts.org/Courses/University_of_California_Davis/UCD%3A_Physics_7A_-_General_Physics/03%3A_Applying_Particle_Models_to_Matter/3.02%3A_Intro_Particle_Model_of_MatterAs the separation gets slightly bigger, the slope decreases, so the force becomes less repulsive, as shown by a shorter arrow on the graph. (Note, the relative arrow lengths are not drawn to scale.) A...As the separation gets slightly bigger, the slope decreases, so the force becomes less repulsive, as shown by a shorter arrow on the graph. (Note, the relative arrow lengths are not drawn to scale.) A force arrow pointing to the left (shorter than the other two due to smaller slope) is shown to represent a separation when the force is attractive.
- https://phys.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/University_Physics/Mechanics_and_Relativity_(Idema)/03%3A_Energy/3.05%3A_Energy_LandscapesTypically, the potential energy is a function of your position in space. When we plot it as a function of spatial coordinates, we get an energy landscape, measuring an amount of energy on the vertica...Typically, the potential energy is a function of your position in space. When we plot it as a function of spatial coordinates, we get an energy landscape, measuring an amount of energy on the vertical axis.
