WLOG, consider a state \(i = 0\): the effect of the perturbation will be to modify the state and its corresponding energy slightly; The eigenstate \(|n_0 \rangle\) will become \(|\phi_0 \rangle\) and ...WLOG, consider a state \(i = 0\): the effect of the perturbation will be to modify the state and its corresponding energy slightly; The eigenstate \(|n_0 \rangle\) will become \(|\phi_0 \rangle\) and \(E_0\) will shift to \(E_0 + \Delta E_0\), where