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- https://phys.libretexts.org/Courses/Coalinga_College/Physical_Science_for_Educators_(CID%3A_PHYS_14)/05%3A_Density_Mole_and_Molarity/5.11%3A_Composition_of_Substances_and_Solutions_(Exercises)These are homework exercises to accompany the Textmap created for "Chemistry" by OpenStax.
- https://phys.libretexts.org/Courses/Coalinga_College/Physical_Science_for_Educators_(CID%3A_PHYS_14)/04%3A_Phases_and_Classification_of_Matter/4.11%3A_ExercisesThese are homework exercises to accompany the Textmap created for "Chemistry" by OpenStax. Complementary General Chemistry question banks can be found for other Textmaps and can be accessed here. In a...These are homework exercises to accompany the Textmap created for "Chemistry" by OpenStax. Complementary General Chemistry question banks can be found for other Textmaps and can be accessed here. In addition to these publicly available questions, access to private problems bank for use in exams and homework is available to faculty only on an individual basis; please contact Delmar Larsen for an account with access permission.
- https://phys.libretexts.org/Courses/Coalinga_College/Physical_Science_for_Educators_(CID%3A_PHYS_14)/07%3A_Solutions_Acids_and_Bases_pH/7.13%3A_End_of_Chapter_ActivityObjective: Use AI and Bloom's Taxonomy to develop a lesson plan that effectively teaches 9th graders about the fundamentals of solutions, acids, bases, and pH, including concepts such as solubility, p...Objective: Use AI and Bloom's Taxonomy to develop a lesson plan that effectively teaches 9th graders about the fundamentals of solutions, acids, bases, and pH, including concepts such as solubility, properties of acids and bases, and pH scale. Examples of AI tools used and how they enhance the learning experience: Describe the AI tools you plan to incorporate, such as simulations or interactive quizzes, and explain how they will help students grasp complex concepts.
- https://phys.libretexts.org/Courses/Coalinga_College/Physical_Science_for_Educators_(CID%3A_PHYS_14)/05%3A_Density_Mole_and_Molarity/5.04%3A_Concentration_of_SolutionsSolution concentrations are typically expressed as molarities and can be prepared by dissolving a known mass of solute in a solvent or diluting a stock solution. The concentration of a substance is th...Solution concentrations are typically expressed as molarities and can be prepared by dissolving a known mass of solute in a solvent or diluting a stock solution. The concentration of a substance is the quantity of solute present in a given quantity of solution. Concentrations are usually expressed in terms of molarity, defined as the number of moles of solute in 1 L of solution.
- https://phys.libretexts.org/Courses/Coalinga_College/Physical_Science_for_Educators_(CID%3A_PHYS_14)/07%3A_Solutions_Acids_and_Bases_pH/7.10%3A_Acid-Base_Properties_of_Salt_SolutionsA salt can dissolve in water to produce a neutral, a basic, or an acidic solution, depending on whether it contains the conjugate base of a weak acid as the anion ( A−A− ), the conjugate acid of a wea...A salt can dissolve in water to produce a neutral, a basic, or an acidic solution, depending on whether it contains the conjugate base of a weak acid as the anion ( A−A− ), the conjugate acid of a weak base as the cation ( BH+ ), or both. Salts that contain small, highly charged metal ions produce acidic solutions in water. The reaction of a salt with water to produce an acidic or a basic solution is called a hydrolysis reaction.
- https://phys.libretexts.org/Courses/Coalinga_College/Physical_Science_for_Educators_(CID%3A_PHYS_14)/05%3A_Density_Mole_and_Molarity/5.12%3A_Other_Units_for_Solution_ConcentrationsIn addition to molarity, a number of other solution concentration units are used in various applications. Percentage concentrations based on the solution components’ masses, volumes, or both are usefu...In addition to molarity, a number of other solution concentration units are used in various applications. Percentage concentrations based on the solution components’ masses, volumes, or both are useful for expressing relatively high concentrations, whereas lower concentrations are conveniently expressed using ppm or ppb units. These units are popular in environmental, medical, and other fields where mole-based units such as molarity are not as commonly used.
- https://phys.libretexts.org/Courses/Coalinga_College/Physical_Science_for_Educators_(CID%3A_PHYS_14)/05%3A_Density_Mole_and_Molarity/5.10%3A_MolaritySolutions are homogeneous mixtures. Many solutions contain one component, called the solvent, in which other components, called solutes, are dissolved. An aqueous solution is one for which the solvent...Solutions are homogeneous mixtures. Many solutions contain one component, called the solvent, in which other components, called solutes, are dissolved. An aqueous solution is one for which the solvent is water. The concentration of a solution is a measure of the relative amount of solute in a given amount of solution. Concentrations may be measured using various units, with one very useful unit being molarity, defined as the number of moles of solute per liter of solution.
- https://phys.libretexts.org/Courses/Coalinga_College/Physical_Science_for_Educators_(CID%3A_PHYS_14)/07%3A_Solutions_Acids_and_Bases_pH/7.14%3A_End_of_Chapter_Key_TermsAcid Dissociation Constant (Ka): A quantitative measure of the strength of an acid in solution, given by the equilibrium constant for the dissociation of the acid into its conjugate base and a hydroge...Acid Dissociation Constant (Ka): A quantitative measure of the strength of an acid in solution, given by the equilibrium constant for the dissociation of the acid into its conjugate base and a hydrogen ion. Base Dissociation Constant (Kb): A quantitative measure of the strength of a base in solution, given by the equilibrium constant for the dissociation of the base into its conjugate acid and a hydroxide ion.
- https://phys.libretexts.org/Courses/Coalinga_College/Physical_Science_for_Educators_(CID%3A_PHYS_14)/07%3A_Solutions_Acids_and_Bases_pH/7.01%3A_Introduction_and_Learning_ObjectivesUnderstanding solutions, acids, bases, and pH is crucial for grasping the fundamental principles of chemistry, forming the bedrock of many chemical processes and having wide-ranging applications in bo...Understanding solutions, acids, bases, and pH is crucial for grasping the fundamental principles of chemistry, forming the bedrock of many chemical processes and having wide-ranging applications in both scientific research and everyday life. Solutions are homogeneous mixtures where solutes are uniformly distributed within solvents, and their solubility is influenced by factors such as temperature, pressure, and the nature of the solute and solvent.
- https://phys.libretexts.org/Courses/Coalinga_College/Physical_Science_for_Educators_(CID%3A_PHYS_14)/07%3A_Solutions_Acids_and_Bases_pH/7.02%3A_The_Dissolution_ProcessA solution forms when two or more substances combine physically to yield a mixture that is homogeneous at the molecular level. The solvent is the most concentrated component and determines the physica...A solution forms when two or more substances combine physically to yield a mixture that is homogeneous at the molecular level. The solvent is the most concentrated component and determines the physical state of the solution. The solutes are the other components typically present at concentrations less than that of the solvent. Solutions may form endothermically or exothermically, depending upon the relative magnitudes of solute and solvent intermolecular attractive forces.
- https://phys.libretexts.org/Courses/Coalinga_College/Physical_Science_for_Educators_(CID%3A_PHYS_14)/07%3A_Solutions_Acids_and_Bases_pH/7.04%3A_Fundamentals_of_Solutions_and_SolubilityA solution is a homogeneous mixture where one substance (the solute) is uniformly dispersed in another substance (the solvent). Solubility is the ability of a solute to dissolve in a solvent at a spec...A solution is a homogeneous mixture where one substance (the solute) is uniformly dispersed in another substance (the solvent). Solubility is the ability of a solute to dissolve in a solvent at a specific temperature and pressure. Nature of Solute and Solvent: "Like dissolves like" – polar solutes dissolve in polar solvents, and non-polar solutes dissolve in non-polar solvents.
