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13.2: Compression

Last updated

Apr 15, 2020
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- 13.1: Coefficient of Expansion
- 13.3: Pressure and Temperature

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The way in which the volume of a material decreases with pressure at constant temperature is described by the isothermal compressibility, κ:

$\kappa=-\frac{1}{V}\left(\frac{\partial V}{\partial P}\right)_{T}.$

Note the necessary minus sign.

Later, we shall need to distinguish between “isothermal compressibility” and “adiabatic compressibility”, and we shall need a subscript to the symbol κ in order to distinguish between the two. For the time being, however, κ with no subscript will be taken to mean the isothermal compressibility.

The reciprocal of κ is called the isothermal bulk modulus, sometimes (understandably) called the isothermal incompressibility.

Question: What are the SI units for compressibility and bulk modulus?

Exercise: Show that the isothermal compressibility of an ideal gas is 1/P.

Exercise: What is the bulk modulus of air at atmospheric pressure?

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