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- https://phys.libretexts.org/Courses/Georgia_State_University/GSU-TM-Physics_II_(2212)/12%3A__Nuclear_Physics/12.04%3A_Nuclear_ReactionsThe positron \(_1^0e\) is emitted with the neutrino \(\nu\), and the neutron remains in the nucleus. (Like \(\beta^-\) decay, the positron does not precede the decay but is produced in the decay.) For...The positron \(_1^0e\) is emitted with the neutrino \(\nu\), and the neutron remains in the nucleus. (Like \(\beta^-\) decay, the positron does not precede the decay but is produced in the decay.) For an isolated proton, this process is impossible because the neutron is heavier than the proton.
- https://phys.libretexts.org/Learning_Objects/A_Physics_Formulary/Physics/14%3A_Nuclear_PhysicsNuclear physics, radiative decay processes, nuclear binding and structure
- https://phys.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/College_Physics/College_Physics_1e_(OpenStax)/31%3A_Radioactivity_and_Nuclear_Physics/31.04%3A_Nuclear_Decay_and_Conservation_LawsNuclear decay has provided an amazing window into the realm of the very small. Nuclear decay gave the first indication of the connection between mass and energy, and it revealed the existence of two o...Nuclear decay has provided an amazing window into the realm of the very small. Nuclear decay gave the first indication of the connection between mass and energy, and it revealed the existence of two of the four basic forces in nature. In this section, we explore the major modes of nuclear decay; and, like those who first explored them, we will discover evidence of previously unknown particles and conservation laws.
- https://phys.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/University_Physics/Physics_(Boundless)/30%3A_Nuclear_Physics_and_Radioactivity/30.2%3A_RadioactivityDetectable amounts of radioactive material occurs naturally in soil, rocks, water, air, and vegetation.
- https://phys.libretexts.org/Courses/Georgia_State_University/GSU-TM-Introductory_Physics_II_(1112)/12%3A__Nuclear_Physics/12.05%3A_Nuclear_ReactionsEarly experiments revealed three types of nuclear “rays” or radiation: alpha (α) rays, beta (β) rays, and gamma (γ) rays. These three types of radiation are differentiated by their ability to pen...Early experiments revealed three types of nuclear “rays” or radiation: alpha (α) rays, beta (β) rays, and gamma (γ) rays. These three types of radiation are differentiated by their ability to penetrate matter. Alpha radiation is barely able to pass through a thin sheet of paper. Beta radiation can penetrate aluminum to a depth of about 3 mm, and gamma radiation can penetrate lead to a depth of 2 or more centimeters.
- https://phys.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Modern_Physics/Book%3A_Spiral_Modern_Physics_(D'Alessandris)/7%3A_Nuclear_Physics/7.3%3A_Alpha_and_Beta_DecayIf we can determine the activity of the sample (the number of decays per second), the product of activity and Q will be the power of the sample. The overall energy of the nucleus would be reduced (and...If we can determine the activity of the sample (the number of decays per second), the product of activity and Q will be the power of the sample. The overall energy of the nucleus would be reduced (and its stability increased) if the “stray” neutron at the top of the neutron well could somehow transform itself into a proton and jump down to the lower energy state in the proton well.
- https://phys.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Astronomy__Cosmology/Big_Ideas_in_Cosmology_(Coble_et_al.)/05%3A_Moving_Through_Time/5.01%3A_Measuring_the_Ages_of_Objects-_Radiometric_DatingThere are a variety of independent methods for measuring ages of different objects in the Universe, and these ages provide additional data to incorporate into our models of the Universe. Hopefully, th...There are a variety of independent methods for measuring ages of different objects in the Universe, and these ages provide additional data to incorporate into our models of the Universe. Hopefully, this will give you an understanding of how we know the ages of various objects, so that they do not feel like random facts imposed from authority.
- https://phys.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/University_Physics/University_Physics_(OpenStax)/University_Physics_III_-_Optics_and_Modern_Physics_(OpenStax)/10%3A__Nuclear_Physics/10.05%3A_Nuclear_ReactionsEarly experiments revealed three types of nuclear “rays” or radiation: alpha (α) rays, beta (β) rays, and gamma (γ) rays. These three types of radiation are differentiated by their ability to pen...Early experiments revealed three types of nuclear “rays” or radiation: alpha (α) rays, beta (β) rays, and gamma (γ) rays. These three types of radiation are differentiated by their ability to penetrate matter. Alpha radiation is barely able to pass through a thin sheet of paper. Beta radiation can penetrate aluminum to a depth of about 3 mm, and gamma radiation can penetrate lead to a depth of 2 or more centimeters.
- https://phys.libretexts.org/Courses/Bowdoin_College/Phys1140%3A_Introductory_Physics_II%3A_Part_2/07%3A__Nuclear_Physics/7.05%3A_Nuclear_ReactionsEarly experiments revealed three types of nuclear “rays” or radiation: alpha (α) rays, beta (β) rays, and gamma (γ) rays. These three types of radiation are differentiated by their ability to pen...Early experiments revealed three types of nuclear “rays” or radiation: alpha (α) rays, beta (β) rays, and gamma (γ) rays. These three types of radiation are differentiated by their ability to penetrate matter. Alpha radiation is barely able to pass through a thin sheet of paper. Beta radiation can penetrate aluminum to a depth of about 3 mm, and gamma radiation can penetrate lead to a depth of 2 or more centimeters.
- https://phys.libretexts.org/Courses/Prince_Georges_Community_College/PHY_2040%3A_General_Physics_III/10%3A_Nuclear_Physics_and_Radioactivity/10.2%3A_RadioactivityDetectable amounts of radioactive material occurs naturally in soil, rocks, water, air, and vegetation.
- https://phys.libretexts.org/Courses/Georgia_State_University/GSU-TM-Introductory_Physics_II_(1112)/zz%3A_Back_Matter/10%3A_13.1%3A_Appendix_J-_Physics_Formulas_(Wevers)/1.14%3A_Nuclear_PhysicsNuclear physics, radiative decay processes, nuclear binding and structure
