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- https://phys.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Thermodynamics_and_Statistical_Mechanics/Essential_Graduate_Physics_-_Statistical_Mechanics_(Likharev)/06%3A_Elements_of_Kinetics/6.04%3A_Charge_carriers_in_semiconductors_-_Statics_and_kineticsNow let me demonstrate the application of the concepts discussed in the last section to understanding the basic kinetic properties of semiconductors and a few key semiconductor structures – which are ...Now let me demonstrate the application of the concepts discussed in the last section to understanding the basic kinetic properties of semiconductors and a few key semiconductor structures – which are the basis of most modern electronic and optoelectronic devices, and hence of all our IT civilization. For that, I will need to take a detour to discuss their equilibrium properties first.
- https://phys.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/University_Physics/University_Physics_(OpenStax)/University_Physics_III_-_Optics_and_Modern_Physics_(OpenStax)/09%3A_Condensed_Matter_Physics/9.05%3A_Free_Electron_Model_of_MetalsMetals conduct electricity, and electricity is composed of large numbers of randomly colliding and approximately free electrons. The allowed energy states of an electron are quantized. This quantizati...Metals conduct electricity, and electricity is composed of large numbers of randomly colliding and approximately free electrons. The allowed energy states of an electron are quantized. This quantization appears in the form of very large electron energies, even at \(T = 0 \space K\). The allowed energies of free electrons in a metal depend on electron mass and on the electron number density of the metal.
- https://phys.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Thermodynamics_and_Statistical_Mechanics/Essential_Graduate_Physics_-_Statistical_Mechanics_(Likharev)/03%3A_Ideal_and_Not-So-Ideal_Gases/3.03%3A_Degenerate_Fermi_gas\[\begin{align} I(T) \approx & \int_{0}^{\infty}\left[f(\mu)+\left.\frac{d f}{d \varepsilon}\right|_{\varepsilon=\mu}(\varepsilon-\mu)+\left.\frac{1}{2} \frac{d^{2} f}{d \varepsilon^{2}}\right|_{\vare...\[\begin{align} I(T) \approx & \int_{0}^{\infty}\left[f(\mu)+\left.\frac{d f}{d \varepsilon}\right|_{\varepsilon=\mu}(\varepsilon-\mu)+\left.\frac{1}{2} \frac{d^{2} f}{d \varepsilon^{2}}\right|_{\varepsilon=\mu}(\varepsilon-\mu)^{2}\right]\left[-\frac{\partial\langle N(\varepsilon)\rangle}{\partial \varepsilon}\right] d \varepsilon \nonumber\\ =& \int_{0}^{\mu} \varphi\left(\varepsilon^{\prime}\right) d \varepsilon^{\prime} \int_{0}^{\infty}\left(-\frac{\partial\langle N(\varepsilon)\rangle}{\p…
