Search
- https://phys.libretexts.org/Courses/Coalinga_College/Physical_Science_for_Educators_(CID%3A_PHYS_14)/07%3A_Solutions_Acids_and_Bases_pH/7.12%3A_Relative_Strengths_of_Acids_and_BasesThe strengths of Brønsted-Lowry acids and bases in aqueous solutions can be determined by their acid or base ionization constants. Stronger acids form weaker conjugate bases, and weaker acids form str...The strengths of Brønsted-Lowry acids and bases in aqueous solutions can be determined by their acid or base ionization constants. Stronger acids form weaker conjugate bases, and weaker acids form stronger conjugate bases. Thus strong acids are completely ionized in aqueous solution because their conjugate bases are weaker bases than water. Weak acids are only partially ionized because their conjugate bases are compete successfully with water for possession of protons.
- https://phys.libretexts.org/Courses/Coalinga_College/Physical_Science_for_Educators_(CID%3A_PHYS_14)/07%3A_Solutions_Acids_and_Bases_pH/7.13%3A_End_of_Chapter_ActivityObjective: Use AI and Bloom's Taxonomy to develop a lesson plan that effectively teaches 9th graders about the fundamentals of solutions, acids, bases, and pH, including concepts such as solubility, p...Objective: Use AI and Bloom's Taxonomy to develop a lesson plan that effectively teaches 9th graders about the fundamentals of solutions, acids, bases, and pH, including concepts such as solubility, properties of acids and bases, and pH scale. Examples of AI tools used and how they enhance the learning experience: Describe the AI tools you plan to incorporate, such as simulations or interactive quizzes, and explain how they will help students grasp complex concepts.
- https://phys.libretexts.org/Courses/Coalinga_College/Physical_Science_for_Educators_(CID%3A_PHYS_14)/07%3A_Solutions_Acids_and_Bases_pH/7.11%3A_Concept_of_Strong_and_Weak_Acids_and_BasesWeak Acids: Typically, less than 5% of the acid molecules ionize, leaving most of the acid molecules undissociated in solution. Weak Acids: Result in a higher pH compared to strong acids of the same c...Weak Acids: Typically, less than 5% of the acid molecules ionize, leaving most of the acid molecules undissociated in solution. Weak Acids: Result in a higher pH compared to strong acids of the same concentration. Weak Bases: Typically, less than 5% of the base molecules ionize, leaving most of the base molecules undissociated in solution. Weak Bases: Result in a lower pH compared to strong bases of the same concentration.
- https://phys.libretexts.org/Courses/Coalinga_College/Physical_Science_for_Educators_(CID%3A_PHYS_14)/07%3A_Solutions_Acids_and_Bases_pH/7.09%3A_Lewis_Acids_and_BasesThe electron pair on the base is "donated" to the acceptor (the proton) only in the sense that it ends up being shared with the acceptor, rather than being the exclusive property of the oxygen atom in...The electron pair on the base is "donated" to the acceptor (the proton) only in the sense that it ends up being shared with the acceptor, rather than being the exclusive property of the oxygen atom in the hydroxide ion.
- https://phys.libretexts.org/Courses/Coalinga_College/Physical_Science_for_Educators_(CID%3A_PHYS_14)/07%3A_Solutions_Acids_and_Bases_pH/7.08%3A_Introduction_to_Lewis_Acids_and_BasesOne of the most applicable theories is the Lewis acid/base motif that extends the definition of an acid and base beyond H + and OH - ions as described by Brønsted-Lowry acids and bases. Lewis' theory ...One of the most applicable theories is the Lewis acid/base motif that extends the definition of an acid and base beyond H + and OH - ions as described by Brønsted-Lowry acids and bases. Lewis' theory used electrons instead of proton transfer and specifically stated that an acid is a species that accepts an electron pair while a base donates an electron pair.
- https://phys.libretexts.org/Courses/Coalinga_College/Physical_Science_for_Educators_(CID%3A_PHYS_14)/07%3A_Solutions_Acids_and_Bases_pH/7.06%3A_Arrhenius_Acids_and_BasesAcids are very common in some of the foods that we eat. Citrus fruits such as oranges and lemons contain citric acid and ascorbic acid, which is better known as vitamin C (see figure below). Carbonate...Acids are very common in some of the foods that we eat. Citrus fruits such as oranges and lemons contain citric acid and ascorbic acid, which is better known as vitamin C (see figure below). Carbonated sodas contain phosphoric acid. Vinegar contains acetic acid. Your own stomach utilizes hydrochloric acid to digest food. Bases are less common as foods, but they are nonetheless present in many household products.
- https://phys.libretexts.org/Courses/Coalinga_College/Physical_Science_for_Educators_(CID%3A_PHYS_14)/07%3A_Solutions_Acids_and_Bases_pH/7.14%3A_End_of_Chapter_Key_TermsAcid Dissociation Constant (Ka): A quantitative measure of the strength of an acid in solution, given by the equilibrium constant for the dissociation of the acid into its conjugate base and a hydroge...Acid Dissociation Constant (Ka): A quantitative measure of the strength of an acid in solution, given by the equilibrium constant for the dissociation of the acid into its conjugate base and a hydrogen ion. Base Dissociation Constant (Kb): A quantitative measure of the strength of a base in solution, given by the equilibrium constant for the dissociation of the base into its conjugate acid and a hydroxide ion.
- https://phys.libretexts.org/Courses/Coalinga_College/Physical_Science_for_Educators_(CID%3A_PHYS_14)/07%3A_Solutions_Acids_and_Bases_pH/7.01%3A_Introduction_and_Learning_ObjectivesUnderstanding solutions, acids, bases, and pH is crucial for grasping the fundamental principles of chemistry, forming the bedrock of many chemical processes and having wide-ranging applications in bo...Understanding solutions, acids, bases, and pH is crucial for grasping the fundamental principles of chemistry, forming the bedrock of many chemical processes and having wide-ranging applications in both scientific research and everyday life. Solutions are homogeneous mixtures where solutes are uniformly distributed within solvents, and their solubility is influenced by factors such as temperature, pressure, and the nature of the solute and solvent.
- https://phys.libretexts.org/Courses/Coalinga_College/Physical_Science_for_Educators_(CID%3A_PHYS_14)/07%3A_Solutions_Acids_and_Bases_pH/7.07%3A_Brnsted-Lowry_Acids_and_BasesA hydrogen ion is commonly referred to as a proton, and so acids and bases are proton donors and proton acceptors, respectively, according to the Brønsted-Lowry definition. The two single electrons (t...A hydrogen ion is commonly referred to as a proton, and so acids and bases are proton donors and proton acceptors, respectively, according to the Brønsted-Lowry definition. The two single electrons (to the left and bottom of the atom) can form single covalent bonds with other atoms, while the two pairs of double electrons (top and right) are available to interact with a hydrogen ion. A Brønsted-Lowry base is a molecule or ion that accepts a hydrogen ion in a reaction.
