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Chandrasekhar limit
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the upper limit to the mass of a white dwarf (equals 1.4 times the mass of the Sun)
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degenerate gas
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a gas that resists further compression because no two electrons can be in the same place at the same time doing the same thing (Pauli exclusion principle)
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millisecond pulsar
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a pulsar that rotates so quickly that it can give off hundreds of pulses per second (and its period is therefore measured in milliseconds)
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neutron star
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a compact object of extremely high density composed almost entirely of neutrons
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nova
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the cataclysmic explosion produced in a binary system, temporarily increasing its luminosity by hundreds to thousands of times
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pulsar
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a variable radio source of small physical size that emits very rapid radio pulses in very regular periods that range from fractions of a second to several seconds; now understood to be a rotating, magnetic neutron star that is energetic enough to produce a detectable beam of radiation and particles
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type II supernova
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a stellar explosion produced at the endpoint of the evolution of stars whose mass exceeds roughly 10 times the mass of the Sun