8.4: Procedures
- Page ID
- 29159
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\(\newcommand{\avec}{\mathbf a}\) \(\newcommand{\bvec}{\mathbf b}\) \(\newcommand{\cvec}{\mathbf c}\) \(\newcommand{\dvec}{\mathbf d}\) \(\newcommand{\dtil}{\widetilde{\mathbf d}}\) \(\newcommand{\evec}{\mathbf e}\) \(\newcommand{\fvec}{\mathbf f}\) \(\newcommand{\nvec}{\mathbf n}\) \(\newcommand{\pvec}{\mathbf p}\) \(\newcommand{\qvec}{\mathbf q}\) \(\newcommand{\svec}{\mathbf s}\) \(\newcommand{\tvec}{\mathbf t}\) \(\newcommand{\uvec}{\mathbf u}\) \(\newcommand{\vvec}{\mathbf v}\) \(\newcommand{\wvec}{\mathbf w}\) \(\newcommand{\xvec}{\mathbf x}\) \(\newcommand{\yvec}{\mathbf y}\) \(\newcommand{\zvec}{\mathbf z}\) \(\newcommand{\rvec}{\mathbf r}\) \(\newcommand{\mvec}{\mathbf m}\) \(\newcommand{\zerovec}{\mathbf 0}\) \(\newcommand{\onevec}{\mathbf 1}\) \(\newcommand{\real}{\mathbb R}\) \(\newcommand{\twovec}[2]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\ctwovec}[2]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\threevec}[3]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cthreevec}[3]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\fourvec}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cfourvec}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\fivevec}[5]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \\ #5 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cfivevec}[5]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \\ #5 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\mattwo}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{rr}#1 \amp #2 \\ #3 \amp #4 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\laspan}[1]{\text{Span}\{#1\}}\) \(\newcommand{\bcal}{\cal B}\) \(\newcommand{\ccal}{\cal C}\) \(\newcommand{\scal}{\cal S}\) \(\newcommand{\wcal}{\cal W}\) \(\newcommand{\ecal}{\cal E}\) \(\newcommand{\coords}[2]{\left\{#1\right\}_{#2}}\) \(\newcommand{\gray}[1]{\color{gray}{#1}}\) \(\newcommand{\lgray}[1]{\color{lightgray}{#1}}\) \(\newcommand{\rank}{\operatorname{rank}}\) \(\newcommand{\row}{\text{Row}}\) \(\newcommand{\col}{\text{Col}}\) \(\renewcommand{\row}{\text{Row}}\) \(\newcommand{\nul}{\text{Nul}}\) \(\newcommand{\var}{\text{Var}}\) \(\newcommand{\corr}{\text{corr}}\) \(\newcommand{\len}[1]{\left|#1\right|}\) \(\newcommand{\bbar}{\overline{\bvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\bhat}{\widehat{\bvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\bperp}{\bvec^\perp}\) \(\newcommand{\xhat}{\widehat{\xvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\vhat}{\widehat{\vvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\uhat}{\widehat{\uvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\what}{\widehat{\wvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\Sighat}{\widehat{\Sigma}}\) \(\newcommand{\lt}{<}\) \(\newcommand{\gt}{>}\) \(\newcommand{\amp}{&}\) \(\definecolor{fillinmathshade}{gray}{0.9}\)You will analyze three systems involving circular motion.
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Draw a table in which to record your circular motion data and observations. Do not fill in data until you have read the instructions for obtaining that data.
|
System |
Mass (grams) |
Radius of Path (centimeters) |
Centripetal Force |
Push or Pull |
Centripetal Force Direction |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Marble & Pie Tin |
|||||
|
Ball & Rope |
|||||
|
Spaceship & Earth |
Marble around the Pie Tin
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Predict the path the marble will take as it leaves the opening in the pie tin. Will it continue in a circular path or will it travel in a straight line when it leaves the pie tin? Describe or sketch your prediction.
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Place the pie tin on the table, and start the marble traveling along the inside edge of the pie tin. You will need to give the marble a good, fast start with your hand; the pie tin should remain on the table for this. Describe or sketch the path of the marble after it leaves the pie tin through the opening.
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Name or describe the centripetal force that kept the marble traveling in a circle while it was in the pie tin. Record whether the marble was pushed or pulled into a circular path, and the direction of the push or pull that kept the marble circling while it was in the pie tin.
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Measure the mass of the marble, and the radius of the pie tin. Enter these values in your data table.
Orbiting Object
Warnings
- Be careful that no one is impacted by your orbiting object, and do not let go of it.
- Impact safety glasses are recommended while circling the object on the rope.
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Predict whether it will be more difficult to hold onto the rope when the object is circling with a slow or fast speed. Record your prediction.
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Hold the rope firmly and circle the object at a steady rate. Then increase the speed at which your object is circling. In which case is more force required to hold onto the circling object, when it has a slow orbital speed or a fast orbital speed? Record your answer.
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Name or describe the centripetal force that kept the object on the rope traveling in a circle. Record whether the object on the rope was pushed or pulled into a circular path, and the direction of the push or pull that kept the ball and rope circling.
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Measure mass of the object and rope, and the radius of the system (length of the rope). Enter the mass and radius values in your data table.
Space Ship
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A spaceship is in orbit 300 km above the surface of the Earth (r = 6.378 x 106 meters). Assume the spaceship is the USS Enterprise from Star Trek, with a mass of 9.6 x 107 kg. Record the mass of the ship and the radius of the orbit in your data table.
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Name or describe centripetal force that keeps the spaceship orbiting the Earth. Record whether the ship is pushed or pulled into a circular path, and the direction of the push or pull that keeps the ship circling.