Appendix D: Astronomical Data
- Page ID
- 5964
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\(\newcommand{\avec}{\mathbf a}\) \(\newcommand{\bvec}{\mathbf b}\) \(\newcommand{\cvec}{\mathbf c}\) \(\newcommand{\dvec}{\mathbf d}\) \(\newcommand{\dtil}{\widetilde{\mathbf d}}\) \(\newcommand{\evec}{\mathbf e}\) \(\newcommand{\fvec}{\mathbf f}\) \(\newcommand{\nvec}{\mathbf n}\) \(\newcommand{\pvec}{\mathbf p}\) \(\newcommand{\qvec}{\mathbf q}\) \(\newcommand{\svec}{\mathbf s}\) \(\newcommand{\tvec}{\mathbf t}\) \(\newcommand{\uvec}{\mathbf u}\) \(\newcommand{\vvec}{\mathbf v}\) \(\newcommand{\wvec}{\mathbf w}\) \(\newcommand{\xvec}{\mathbf x}\) \(\newcommand{\yvec}{\mathbf y}\) \(\newcommand{\zvec}{\mathbf z}\) \(\newcommand{\rvec}{\mathbf r}\) \(\newcommand{\mvec}{\mathbf m}\) \(\newcommand{\zerovec}{\mathbf 0}\) \(\newcommand{\onevec}{\mathbf 1}\) \(\newcommand{\real}{\mathbb R}\) \(\newcommand{\twovec}[2]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\ctwovec}[2]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\threevec}[3]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cthreevec}[3]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\fourvec}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cfourvec}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\fivevec}[5]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \\ #5 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cfivevec}[5]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \\ #5 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\mattwo}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{rr}#1 \amp #2 \\ #3 \amp #4 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\laspan}[1]{\text{Span}\{#1\}}\) \(\newcommand{\bcal}{\cal B}\) \(\newcommand{\ccal}{\cal C}\) \(\newcommand{\scal}{\cal S}\) \(\newcommand{\wcal}{\cal W}\) \(\newcommand{\ecal}{\cal E}\) \(\newcommand{\coords}[2]{\left\{#1\right\}_{#2}}\) \(\newcommand{\gray}[1]{\color{gray}{#1}}\) \(\newcommand{\lgray}[1]{\color{lightgray}{#1}}\) \(\newcommand{\rank}{\operatorname{rank}}\) \(\newcommand{\row}{\text{Row}}\) \(\newcommand{\col}{\text{Col}}\) \(\renewcommand{\row}{\text{Row}}\) \(\newcommand{\nul}{\text{Nul}}\) \(\newcommand{\var}{\text{Var}}\) \(\newcommand{\corr}{\text{corr}}\) \(\newcommand{\len}[1]{\left|#1\right|}\) \(\newcommand{\bbar}{\overline{\bvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\bhat}{\widehat{\bvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\bperp}{\bvec^\perp}\) \(\newcommand{\xhat}{\widehat{\xvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\vhat}{\widehat{\vvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\uhat}{\widehat{\uvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\what}{\widehat{\wvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\Sighat}{\widehat{\Sigma}}\) \(\newcommand{\lt}{<}\) \(\newcommand{\gt}{>}\) \(\newcommand{\amp}{&}\) \(\definecolor{fillinmathshade}{gray}{0.9}\)| Celestial Object | Mean Distance from Sun (million km) | Period of Revolution (d = days) (y = years) | Period of Rotation at Equator | Eccentricity of Orbit |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sun | — | — | 27 d | — |
| Mercury | 57.9 | 88 d | 59 d | 0.206 |
| Venus | 108.2 | 224.7 d | 243 d | 0.007 |
| Earth | 149.6 | 365.26 d | 23 h 56 min 4 s | 0.017 |
| Mars | 227.9 | 687 d | 24 h 37 min 23 s | 0.093 |
| Jupiter | 778.4 | 11.9 y | 9 h 50 min 30 s | 0.048 |
| Saturn | 1426.7 | 29.46 y | 10 h 14 min | 0.054 |
| Uranus | 2871.0 | 84.0 y | 17 h 14 min | 0.047 |
| Neptune | 4498.3 | 164.8 y | 16 h | 0.009 |
| Earth's Moon | 14639 (0.386 from Earth) | 27.3 d | 27.3 d | 0.055 |
| Celestial Object | Equatorial Diameter (km) | Mass (Earth = 1) | Density (g/cm3) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sun | 1,392,000 | 333,000.00 | 1.4 |
| Mercury | 4879 | 0.06 | 5.4 |
| Venus | 12,104 | 0.82 | 5.2 |
| Earth | 12,756 | 1.00 | 5.5 |
| Mars | 6794 | 0.11 | 3.9 |
| Jupiter | 142,984 | 317.83 | 1.3 |
| Saturn | 120,536 | 95.16 | 0.7 |
| Uranus | 51,118 | 14.54 | 1.3 |
| Neptune | 48,528 | 17.15 | 1.6 |
| Earth's Moon | 3476 | 0.01 | 3.3 |
Other Data:
Mass of Earth: 5.97 x 1024 kg
Mass of the Moon: 7.36 x 1022 kg
Mass of the Sun: 1.99 x 1030 kg
Contributors and Attributions
Samuel J. Ling (Truman State University), Jeff Sanny (Loyola Marymount University), and Bill Moebs with many contributing authors. This work is licensed by OpenStax University Physics under a Creative Commons Attribution License (by 4.0).