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- https://phys.libretexts.org/Courses/Prince_Georges_Community_College/PHY_1030%3A_General_Physics_I/11%3A_Fluid_Dynamics_and_Its_Applications/11.2%3A_Flow_in_TubesPoiseuille’s equation can be used to determine the pressure drop of a constant viscosity fluid exhibiting laminar flow through a rigid pipe.
- https://phys.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/University_Physics/University_Physics_(OpenStax)/Book%3A_University_Physics_I_-_Mechanics_Sound_Oscillations_and_Waves_(OpenStax)/14%3A_Fluid_Mechanics/14.09%3A_Viscosity_and_TurbulenceIn this subsection, we introduce the forces of friction that act on fluids in motion. For example, a fluid flowing through a pipe is subject to resistance, a type of friction, between the fluid and th...In this subsection, we introduce the forces of friction that act on fluids in motion. For example, a fluid flowing through a pipe is subject to resistance, a type of friction, between the fluid and the walls. Friction also occurs between the different layers of fluid. These resistive forces affect the way the fluid flows through the pipe.
- https://phys.libretexts.org/Learning_Objects/A_Physics_Formulary/Physics/09%3A_Transport_PhenomenaFluid dynamics, flow, Navier-Stokes equation
- https://phys.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/College_Physics/College_Physics_1e_(OpenStax)/12%3A_Fluid_Dynamics_and_Its_Biological_and_Medical_Applications/12.05%3A_The_Onset_of_TurbulenceSometimes we can predict if flow will be laminar or turbulent. We know that flow in a very smooth tube or around a smooth, streamlined object will be laminar at low velocity. We also know that at high...Sometimes we can predict if flow will be laminar or turbulent. We know that flow in a very smooth tube or around a smooth, streamlined object will be laminar at low velocity. We also know that at high velocity, even flow in a smooth tube or around a smooth object will experience turbulence. In between, it is more difficult to predict. In fact, at intermediate velocities, flow may oscillate back and forth indefinitely between laminar and turbulent.
- https://phys.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/College_Physics/College_Physics_1e_(OpenStax)/12%3A_Fluid_Dynamics_and_Its_Biological_and_Medical_Applications/12.06%3A_Motion_of_an_Object_in_a_Viscous_FluidA moving object in a viscous fluid is equivalent to a stationary object in a flowing fluid stream. (For example, when you ride a bicycle at 10 m/s in still air, you feel the air in your face exactly a...A moving object in a viscous fluid is equivalent to a stationary object in a flowing fluid stream. (For example, when you ride a bicycle at 10 m/s in still air, you feel the air in your face exactly as if you were stationary in a 10-m/s wind.) Flow of the stationary fluid around a moving object may be laminar, turbulent, or a combination of the two. Just as with flow in tubes, it is possible to predict when a moving object creates turbulence.
- https://phys.libretexts.org/Courses/Georgia_State_University/GSU-TM-Introductory_Physics_II_(1112)/zz%3A_Back_Matter/10%3A_13.1%3A_Appendix_J-_Physics_Formulas_(Wevers)/1.09%3A_Transport_PhenomenaFluid dynamics, flow, Navier-Stokes equation
- https://phys.libretexts.org/Courses/Prince_Georges_Community_College/General_Physics_I%3A_Classical_Mechanics/52%3A_Fluid_Dynamics/52.07%3A_The_Reynolds_NumberThese four factors can be combined into a single dimensionless number called the Reynolds number Re, whose value gives an indication of whether flow will be laminar or turbulent: Here ρ is the ...These four factors can be combined into a single dimensionless number called the Reynolds number Re, whose value gives an indication of whether flow will be laminar or turbulent: Here ρ is the fluid density, v is the average velocity, D is the diameter of the pipe, and μ is the dynamic viscosity. In the transition region (Re between 2000 and 3000), the fluid is unstable and may change back and forth between laminar and turbulent flow.
- https://phys.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/University_Physics/Physics_(Boundless)/11%3A_Fluid_Dynamics_and_Its_Applications/11.2%3A_Flow_in_TubesPoiseuille’s equation can be used to determine the pressure drop of a constant viscosity fluid exhibiting laminar flow through a rigid pipe.
- https://phys.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Classical_Mechanics/Variational_Principles_in_Classical_Mechanics_(Cline)/16%3A_Analytical_Formulations_for_Continuous_Systems/16.08%3A_Viscous_Fluid_DynamicsNavier-Stokes equation. Reynolds number. Laminar and turbulent fluid flow.
- https://phys.libretexts.org/Courses/Joliet_Junior_College/JJC_-_PHYS_110/05%3A_Book-_Physics_(Boundless)/5.07%3A_Fluid_Dynamics_and_Its_Applications/5.7.02%3A_Flow_in_TubesPoiseuille’s equation can be used to determine the pressure drop of a constant viscosity fluid exhibiting laminar flow through a rigid pipe.
- https://phys.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Classical_Mechanics/Classical_Mechanics_(Dourmashkin)/28%3A_Fluid_Dynamics/28.06%3A_Laminar_and_Turbulent_Flowwhere η is the constant of proportionality and is called the absolute viscosity, r is the radial distance form the central axis of the pipe, and dv/dr is the velocity gradient normal to...where η is the constant of proportionality and is called the absolute viscosity, r is the radial distance form the central axis of the pipe, and dv/dr is the velocity gradient normal to the flow. He was able to characterize the transition between these two types of flow by a parameter called the Reynolds number that depends on the average velocity of the fluid in the pipe, the diameter, and the viscosity of the fluid.
