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- https://phys.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Optics/Physical_Optics_(Tatum)/02%3A_Reflection_and_Transmission_at_Boundaries_and_the_Fresnel_Equations/2.06%3A_Incidence_at_an_Arbitrary_Angle.We show here the magnitudes (without regard to sign) of the amplitude reflection and transmission coefficients, and the polarization directions for the reflected and transmitted wave, as a function of...We show here the magnitudes (without regard to sign) of the amplitude reflection and transmission coefficients, and the polarization directions for the reflected and transmitted wave, as a function of angle of incidence θ1, assuming n = n2n1 =1.5.
- https://phys.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Optics/Physical_Optics_(Tatum)/02%3A_Reflection_and_Transmission_at_Boundaries_and_the_Fresnel_EquationsWhen a ray of light encounters an interface between two media of different refractive indices, some of it is reflected and some is transmitted. This chapter will concern itself with how much is reflec...When a ray of light encounters an interface between two media of different refractive indices, some of it is reflected and some is transmitted. This chapter will concern itself with how much is reflected and how much is transmitted. (Unless the media are completely transparent, some of the light will also be absorbed - and presumably degraded as heat - but this chapter will concern itself only with what happens at the interface, and not in its passage through either medium.)
- https://phys.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Optics/Physical_Optics_(Tatum)/02%3A_Reflection_and_Transmission_at_Boundaries_and_the_Fresnel_Equations/2.02%3A_Light_Incident_Normally_at_a_BoundaryThe result for the transmitted and reflected amplitudes is an inevitable consequence of the continuity of displacement and gradient of a wave at a boundary, and is not particularly restricted to waves...The result for the transmitted and reflected amplitudes is an inevitable consequence of the continuity of displacement and gradient of a wave at a boundary, and is not particularly restricted to waves in a rope. It should be equally applicable to electromagnetic waves moving from one medium to another at normal incidence, and indeed it is verified by measurement.
- https://phys.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Optics/Physical_Optics_(Tatum)/04%3A_Stokes_Parameters_for_Describing_Polarized_Light/4.01%3A_Polarized_Light_and_the_Stokes_ParametersThe natural way of doing this is to give the length a of the semi major axis (in volts per metre), the eccentricity of the (e = √1−b2a2) , the angle θ that t...The natural way of doing this is to give the length a of the semi major axis (in volts per metre), the eccentricity of the (e = √1−b2a2) , the angle θ that the major axis makes with the horizontal, and perhaps one of the words "clockwise" or "counterclockwise". It will be necessary, however, to make clear whether you, the observer, are looking towards the source of light, or are looking in the direction of travel of the light.
- https://phys.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Optics/Physical_Optics_(Tatum)/02%3A_Reflection_and_Transmission_at_Boundaries_and_the_Fresnel_Equations/2.04%3A_Electric_and_Magnetic_Fields_at_a_BoundaryBefore we can do this it is well to remind ourselves (and this is just a reminder - we don’t go into the theory and definitions here) from electromagnetic theory how electric and magnetic fields behav...Before we can do this it is well to remind ourselves (and this is just a reminder - we don’t go into the theory and definitions here) from electromagnetic theory how electric and magnetic fields behave at a boundary between two media.
- https://phys.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Optics/Physical_Optics_(Tatum)/02%3A_Reflection_and_Transmission_at_Boundaries_and_the_Fresnel_Equations/2.05%3A_ImpedanceWe need to remind ourselves of one other thing from electromagnetic theory before we can proceed, namely the meaning of impedance in the context of electromagnetic wave propagation.
- https://phys.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Optics/Physical_Optics_(Tatum)Physical optics, or wave optics, is the branch of optics that studies interference, diffraction, polarization, and other phenomena for which the ray approximation of geometric optics is not valid.
- https://phys.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Optics/Physical_Optics_(Tatum)/01%3A_Reflection_and_Refraction_via_Fermat's_Principle_and_Huygens'_Construction/1.01%3A_Reflection_and_RefractionReflection of light from a smooth, shiny surface is called specular reflection. (Latin speculum a mirror.) At the other extreme we have the sort of diffuse scattering that occurs when you shine light ...Reflection of light from a smooth, shiny surface is called specular reflection. (Latin speculum a mirror.) At the other extreme we have the sort of diffuse scattering that occurs when you shine light on blotting paper. And there are lots of situations in between these extremes. In this chapter I am going to deal solely with specular reflection, the law of specular reflection being that the angle of reflection is equal to the angle of incidence.
- https://phys.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Optics/Physical_Optics_(Tatum)/02%3A_Reflection_and_Transmission_at_Boundaries_and_the_Fresnel_Equations/2.01%3A_Waves_in_a_Stretched_StringThe speed c of waves in a rope under tension is c=√F/μ, where F is the tension, and μ is the mass per unit length, so the speed and the wavelength are less in the thicker ro...The speed c of waves in a rope under tension is c=√F/μ, where F is the tension, and μ is the mass per unit length, so the speed and the wavelength are less in the thicker rope. The energy in a wave is proportional to the square of its amplitude and, in the case of a vibrating rope, to the mass per unit length.
- https://phys.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Optics/Physical_Optics_(Tatum)/03%3A_The_Cornu_Spiral/3.01%3A_Cornu's_SpiralCornu’s spiral is a graphical device that enables us to compute and predict the Fresnel diffraction pattern from various simple obstacles.
- https://phys.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Optics/Physical_Optics_(Tatum)/04%3A_Stokes_Parameters_for_Describing_Polarized_LightThumbnail: The Poincaré sphere is the parametrisation of the last three Stokes' parameters in spherical coordinates. (Public Domain; Inductiveload).
