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Physics LibreTexts

4: Bra-ket Formalism

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The objective of this chapter is to describe Dirac’s "bra-ket" formalism of quantum mechanics, which not only overcomes some inconveniences of wave mechanics but also allows a natural description of such intrinsic properties of particles as their spin. In the course of the formalism’s discussion, I will give only a few simple examples of its application, leaving more involved cases for the following chapters.


This page titled 4: Bra-ket Formalism is shared under a CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 license and was authored, remixed, and/or curated by Konstantin K. Likharev via source content that was edited to the style and standards of the LibreTexts platform.

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