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- https://phys.libretexts.org/Courses/Prince_Georges_Community_College/General_Physics_I%3A_Classical_Mechanics/52%3A_Fluid_DynamicsFluid dynamics, studies fluids in motion. It is a complex subject; in fact it's probably the most complex of the physical sciences. Even fairly simple physical systems can have very complicated soluti...Fluid dynamics, studies fluids in motion. It is a complex subject; in fact it's probably the most complex of the physical sciences. Even fairly simple physical systems can have very complicated solutions, and some subjects, such as fluid turbulence, are a long way from being well understood. The study of fluid flow is of great importance in fields like chemical engineering and meteorology.
- https://phys.libretexts.org/Courses/Prince_Georges_Community_College/General_Physics_I%3A_Classical_Mechanics/52%3A_Fluid_Dynamics/52.01%3A_Introduction_to_Fluid_DynamicsFluid dynamics, also termed fluid mechanics, is a very important and broad study of fluids in motion, impacting most engineering disciplines, weather and climate modeling, city and home water distribu...Fluid dynamics, also termed fluid mechanics, is a very important and broad study of fluids in motion, impacting most engineering disciplines, weather and climate modeling, city and home water distribution systems, etc. The maximum flow velocity vm is at the centerline and is equal to twice the average flow velocity. (Figure from Georgia State University, http://hyperphysics.phyastr.gsu.edu/hbase/pfric2.html
- https://phys.libretexts.org/Courses/Prince_Georges_Community_College/PHY_1030%3A_General_Physics_I/11%3A_Fluid_Dynamics_and_Its_Applications/11.1%3A_OverviewThe circulation and cleansing of blood, as well as the transport of nutrients rely on the motion of fluids.
- https://phys.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/University_Physics/University_Physics_(OpenStax)/Book%3A_University_Physics_I_-_Mechanics_Sound_Oscillations_and_Waves_(OpenStax)/14%3A_Fluid_Mechanics/14.07%3A_Fluid_DynamicsFlow rate Q is defined as the volume V flowing past a point in time t. The SI unit of flow rate is (m^3)/s, but other rates can be used, such as L/min. Flow rate and velocity are related by the produc...Flow rate Q is defined as the volume V flowing past a point in time t. The SI unit of flow rate is (m^3)/s, but other rates can be used, such as L/min. Flow rate and velocity are related by the product of the cross-sectional area of the flow by its average velocity. The equation of continuity states that for an incompressible fluid, the mass flowing into a pipe must equal the mass flowing out of the pipe.
- https://phys.libretexts.org/Workbench/PH_245_Textbook_V2/17%3A_Fluid_Mechanics/17.07%3A_Fluid_DynamicsFlow rate Q is defined as the volume V flowing past a point in time t. The SI unit of flow rate is (m^3)/s, but other rates can be used, such as L/min. Flow rate and velocity are related by the produc...Flow rate Q is defined as the volume V flowing past a point in time t. The SI unit of flow rate is (m^3)/s, but other rates can be used, such as L/min. Flow rate and velocity are related by the product of the cross-sectional area of the flow by its average velocity. The equation of continuity states that for an incompressible fluid, the mass flowing into a pipe must equal the mass flowing out of the pipe.
- https://phys.libretexts.org/Courses/Joliet_Junior_College/JJC_-_PHYS_110/05%3A_Book-_Physics_(Boundless)/5.07%3A_Fluid_Dynamics_and_Its_Applications/5.7.01%3A_OverviewThe circulation and cleansing of blood, as well as the transport of nutrients rely on the motion of fluids.
- https://phys.libretexts.org/Courses/Prince_Georges_Community_College/General_Physics_I%3A_Classical_Mechanics/52%3A_Fluid_Dynamics/52.07%3A_The_Reynolds_NumberThese four factors can be combined into a single dimensionless number called the Reynolds number Re, whose value gives an indication of whether flow will be laminar or turbulent: Here ρ is the ...These four factors can be combined into a single dimensionless number called the Reynolds number Re, whose value gives an indication of whether flow will be laminar or turbulent: Here ρ is the fluid density, v is the average velocity, D is the diameter of the pipe, and μ is the dynamic viscosity. In the transition region (Re between 2000 and 3000), the fluid is unstable and may change back and forth between laminar and turbulent flow.
- https://phys.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/University_Physics/Physics_(Boundless)/11%3A_Fluid_Dynamics_and_Its_Applications/11.1%3A_OverviewThe circulation and cleansing of blood, as well as the transport of nutrients rely on the motion of fluids.
- https://phys.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Classical_Mechanics/Classical_Mechanics_(Dourmashkin)/28%3A_Fluid_Dynamics/28.06%3A_Laminar_and_Turbulent_Flowwhere η is the constant of proportionality and is called the absolute viscosity, r is the radial distance form the central axis of the pipe, and dv/dr is the velocity gradient normal to...where η is the constant of proportionality and is called the absolute viscosity, r is the radial distance form the central axis of the pipe, and dv/dr is the velocity gradient normal to the flow. He was able to characterize the transition between these two types of flow by a parameter called the Reynolds number that depends on the average velocity of the fluid in the pipe, the diameter, and the viscosity of the fluid.
