14.5: Frequently Used Trigonometric and Calculus Expressions
- Page ID
- 25051
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\(\newcommand{\avec}{\mathbf a}\) \(\newcommand{\bvec}{\mathbf b}\) \(\newcommand{\cvec}{\mathbf c}\) \(\newcommand{\dvec}{\mathbf d}\) \(\newcommand{\dtil}{\widetilde{\mathbf d}}\) \(\newcommand{\evec}{\mathbf e}\) \(\newcommand{\fvec}{\mathbf f}\) \(\newcommand{\nvec}{\mathbf n}\) \(\newcommand{\pvec}{\mathbf p}\) \(\newcommand{\qvec}{\mathbf q}\) \(\newcommand{\svec}{\mathbf s}\) \(\newcommand{\tvec}{\mathbf t}\) \(\newcommand{\uvec}{\mathbf u}\) \(\newcommand{\vvec}{\mathbf v}\) \(\newcommand{\wvec}{\mathbf w}\) \(\newcommand{\xvec}{\mathbf x}\) \(\newcommand{\yvec}{\mathbf y}\) \(\newcommand{\zvec}{\mathbf z}\) \(\newcommand{\rvec}{\mathbf r}\) \(\newcommand{\mvec}{\mathbf m}\) \(\newcommand{\zerovec}{\mathbf 0}\) \(\newcommand{\onevec}{\mathbf 1}\) \(\newcommand{\real}{\mathbb R}\) \(\newcommand{\twovec}[2]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\ctwovec}[2]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\threevec}[3]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cthreevec}[3]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\fourvec}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cfourvec}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\fivevec}[5]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \\ #5 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cfivevec}[5]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \\ #5 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\mattwo}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{rr}#1 \amp #2 \\ #3 \amp #4 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\laspan}[1]{\text{Span}\{#1\}}\) \(\newcommand{\bcal}{\cal B}\) \(\newcommand{\ccal}{\cal C}\) \(\newcommand{\scal}{\cal S}\) \(\newcommand{\wcal}{\cal W}\) \(\newcommand{\ecal}{\cal E}\) \(\newcommand{\coords}[2]{\left\{#1\right\}_{#2}}\) \(\newcommand{\gray}[1]{\color{gray}{#1}}\) \(\newcommand{\lgray}[1]{\color{lightgray}{#1}}\) \(\newcommand{\rank}{\operatorname{rank}}\) \(\newcommand{\row}{\text{Row}}\) \(\newcommand{\col}{\text{Col}}\) \(\renewcommand{\row}{\text{Row}}\) \(\newcommand{\nul}{\text{Nul}}\) \(\newcommand{\var}{\text{Var}}\) \(\newcommand{\corr}{\text{corr}}\) \(\newcommand{\len}[1]{\left|#1\right|}\) \(\newcommand{\bbar}{\overline{\bvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\bhat}{\widehat{\bvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\bperp}{\bvec^\perp}\) \(\newcommand{\xhat}{\widehat{\xvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\vhat}{\widehat{\vvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\uhat}{\widehat{\uvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\what}{\widehat{\wvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\Sighat}{\widehat{\Sigma}}\) \(\newcommand{\lt}{<}\) \(\newcommand{\gt}{>}\) \(\newcommand{\amp}{&}\) \(\definecolor{fillinmathshade}{gray}{0.9}\)\begin{aligned} &\sin \theta=\mathrm{a / c} \\[4pt] &\cos \theta=\mathrm{b / c} \\[4pt] &\tan \theta=\mathrm{a / b} \\[4pt] &\mathrm{a^{2}+b^{2}=c^{2}}
\sin ^{2} \theta+\cos ^{2} \theta=1 \\[4pt]
&\mathrm{e}^{\mathrm{j} \theta}=\cos \theta+\mathrm{j} \sin \theta \\[4pt]
&(\mathrm{d} / \mathrm{d} \theta) \sin \theta=\cos \theta \\[4pt]
&(\mathrm{d} / \mathrm{d} \theta) \cos \theta=-\sin \theta \\[4pt]
&(\mathrm{d} / \mathrm{d} \mathrm{x}) \mathrm{e}^{\mathrm{f}(\mathrm{x})}=[\mathrm{df}(\mathrm{x}) / \mathrm{d} \mathrm{x}] \mathrm{e}^{\mathrm{f}(\mathrm{x})} \\[4pt]
&\mathrm{a}^{\mathrm{x}}=\left(\mathrm{e}^{\ln \mathrm{a}}\right)^{\mathrm{x}} \\[4pt]
&(\mathrm{d} / \mathrm{d} \mathrm{x}) \mathrm{x}^{\mathrm{n}}=\mathrm{n} \mathrm{x}^{\mathrm{n}-1} \\[4pt] &(\mathrm{d} / \mathrm{dx}) \mathrm{AB}=\mathrm{A}(\mathrm{dB} / \mathrm{dx})+\mathrm{B}(\mathrm{d} \mathrm{A} / \mathrm{dx}) \\[4pt] &(\mathrm{d} / \mathrm{dx}) \mathrm{f}_{1}\left[\mathrm{f}_{2}(\theta)\right]=\left[\mathrm{df}_{1} / \mathrm{d} f_{2}\right]\left[\mathrm{d} f_{2}(\theta) / \mathrm{d} \theta\right] \mathrm{d} \theta / \mathrm{d} \mathrm{x} \\[4pt] &(\mathrm{d} / \mathrm{dx}) \sin [\mathrm{f}(\theta)]=\cos [\mathrm{f}(\theta)][\mathrm{df}(\theta) / \mathrm{d} \theta] \mathrm{d} \theta / \mathrm{d} \mathrm{x} \\[4pt] &\int \sin \theta \mathrm{d} \theta=-\cos \theta \\[4pt] &\int \cos \theta \mathrm{d} \theta=\sin \theta \\[4pt] &\int \mathrm{e}^{\mathrm{ax}} \mathrm{dx}=\mathrm{e}^{\mathrm{ax}} / \mathrm{a} \\[4pt] &\int \mathrm{x}^{\mathrm{n}} \mathrm{dx}=\mathrm{x}^{\mathrm{n}+1} /(\mathrm{n}+1) \end{aligned}