Search

Text Color

Margin Size

Font Type

Enable Dyslexic Font

Physical Constants

Last updated

Sep 11, 2020
Save as PDF
- 17: Physical Constants, Units, Del Operator
- Prefixes for Powers of 10

Johan Wevers

$\newcommand{\vecs}[1]{\overset { \scriptstyle \rightharpoonup} {\mathbf{#1}} }$

$\newcommand{\vecd}[1]{\overset{-\!-\!\rightharpoonup}{\vphantom{a}\smash {#1}}}$

$\newcommand{\id}{\mathrm{id}}$ $\newcommand{\Span}{\mathrm{span}}$

( \newcommand{\kernel}{\mathrm{null}\,}\) $\newcommand{\range}{\mathrm{range}\,}$

$\newcommand{\RealPart}{\mathrm{Re}}$ $\newcommand{\ImaginaryPart}{\mathrm{Im}}$

$\newcommand{\Argument}{\mathrm{Arg}}$ $\newcommand{\norm}[1]{\| #1 \|}$

$\newcommand{\inner}[2]{\langle #1, #2 \rangle}$

$\newcommand{\Span}{\mathrm{span}}$

$\newcommand{\id}{\mathrm{id}}$

$\newcommand{\Span}{\mathrm{span}}$

$\newcommand{\kernel}{\mathrm{null}\,}$

$\newcommand{\range}{\mathrm{range}\,}$

$\newcommand{\RealPart}{\mathrm{Re}}$

$\newcommand{\ImaginaryPart}{\mathrm{Im}}$

$\newcommand{\Argument}{\mathrm{Arg}}$

$\newcommand{\norm}[1]{\| #1 \|}$

$\newcommand{\inner}[2]{\langle #1, #2 \rangle}$

$\newcommand{\Span}{\mathrm{span}}$ $\newcommand{\AA}{\unicode[.8,0]{x212B}}$

$\newcommand{\vectorA}[1]{\vec{#1}} % arrow$

$\newcommand{\vectorAt}[1]{\vec{\text{#1}}} % arrow$

$\newcommand{\vectorB}[1]{\overset { \scriptstyle \rightharpoonup} {\mathbf{#1}} }$

$\newcommand{\vectorC}[1]{\textbf{#1}}$

$\newcommand{\vectorD}[1]{\overrightarrow{#1}}$

$\newcommand{\vectorDt}[1]{\overrightarrow{\text{#1}}}$

$\newcommand{\vectE}[1]{\overset{-\!-\!\rightharpoonup}{\vphantom{a}\smash{\mathbf {#1}}}}$

$\newcommand{\vecs}[1]{\overset { \scriptstyle \rightharpoonup} {\mathbf{#1}} }$

$\newcommand{\vecd}[1]{\overset{-\!-\!\rightharpoonup}{\vphantom{a}\smash {#1}}}$

$\newcommand{\avec}{\mathbf a}$

$\newcommand{\bvec}{\mathbf b}$

$\newcommand{\cvec}{\mathbf c}$

$\newcommand{\dvec}{\mathbf d}$

$\newcommand{\dtil}{\widetilde{\mathbf d}}$

$\newcommand{\evec}{\mathbf e}$

$\newcommand{\fvec}{\mathbf f}$

$\newcommand{\nvec}{\mathbf n}$

$\newcommand{\pvec}{\mathbf p}$

$\newcommand{\qvec}{\mathbf q}$

$\newcommand{\svec}{\mathbf s}$

$\newcommand{\tvec}{\mathbf t}$

$\newcommand{\uvec}{\mathbf u}$

$\newcommand{\vvec}{\mathbf v}$

$\newcommand{\wvec}{\mathbf w}$

$\newcommand{\xvec}{\mathbf x}$

$\newcommand{\yvec}{\mathbf y}$

$\newcommand{\zvec}{\mathbf z}$

$\newcommand{\rvec}{\mathbf r}$

$\newcommand{\mvec}{\mathbf m}$

$\newcommand{\zerovec}{\mathbf 0}$

$\newcommand{\onevec}{\mathbf 1}$

$\newcommand{\real}{\mathbb R}$

$\newcommand{\twovec}[2]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \end{array}\right]}$

$\newcommand{\ctwovec}[2]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \end{array}\right]}$

$\newcommand{\threevec}[3]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \end{array}\right]}$

$\newcommand{\cthreevec}[3]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \end{array}\right]}$

$\newcommand{\fourvec}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \end{array}\right]}$

$\newcommand{\cfourvec}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \end{array}\right]}$

$\newcommand{\fivevec}[5]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \\ #5 \\ \end{array}\right]}$

$\newcommand{\cfivevec}[5]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \\ #5 \\ \end{array}\right]}$

$\newcommand{\mattwo}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{rr}#1 \amp #2 \\ #3 \amp #4 \\ \end{array}\right]}$

$\newcommand{\laspan}[1]{\text{Span}\{#1\}}$

$\newcommand{\bcal}{\cal B}$

$\newcommand{\ccal}{\cal C}$

$\newcommand{\scal}{\cal S}$

$\newcommand{\wcal}{\cal W}$

$\newcommand{\ecal}{\cal E}$

$\newcommand{\coords}[2]{\left\{#1\right\}_{#2}}$

$\newcommand{\gray}[1]{\color{gray}{#1}}$

$\newcommand{\lgray}[1]{\color{lightgray}{#1}}$

$\newcommand{\rank}{\operatorname{rank}}$

$\newcommand{\row}{\text{Row}}$

$\newcommand{\col}{\text{Col}}$

$\renewcommand{\row}{\text{Row}}$

$\newcommand{\nul}{\text{Nul}}$

$\newcommand{\var}{\text{Var}}$

$\newcommand{\corr}{\text{corr}}$

$\newcommand{\len}[1]{\left|#1\right|}$

$\newcommand{\bbar}{\overline{\bvec}}$

$\newcommand{\bhat}{\widehat{\bvec}}$

$\newcommand{\bperp}{\bvec^\perp}$

$\newcommand{\xhat}{\widehat{\xvec}}$

$\newcommand{\vhat}{\widehat{\vvec}}$

$\newcommand{\uhat}{\widehat{\uvec}}$

$\newcommand{\what}{\widehat{\wvec}}$

$\newcommand{\Sighat}{\widehat{\Sigma}}$

$\newcommand{\lt}{<}$

$\newcommand{\gt}{>}$

$\newcommand{\amp}{&}$

$\definecolor{fillinmathshade}{gray}{0.9}$

Name	Symbol	Value	Unit
Number $\pi$	$\pi$	3.14159265358979323846
Number e	e	2.71828182845904523536
Euler’s constant		0.577215664901532860606
Elementary charge	$e$	$1.60217733\cdot10^{-19}$	C
Gravitational constant	$G,\kappa$	$6.67259\cdot10^{-11}$	m $^3$ kg $^{-1}$ s $^{-2}$
Fine-structure constant	$\alpha=e^2/2hc\varepsilon_0$	$\approx1/137$
Speed of light in vacuum	$c$	$2.99792458\cdot10^8$	m/s (def)
Permittivity of the vacuum	$\varepsilon_0$	$8.854187\cdot10^{-12}$	F/m
Permeability of the vacuum	$\mu_0$	$4\pi\cdot10^{-7}$	H/m
$(4\pi\varepsilon_0)^{-1}$		$8.9876\cdot10^9$	Nm $^2$ C $^{-2}$
Planck’s constant	$h$	$6.6260755\cdot10^{-34}$	Js
Dirac’s constant	$\hbar=h/2\pi$	$1.0545727\cdot10^{-34}$	Js
Bohr magneton	$\mu_{\rm B}=e\hbar/2m_{\rm e}$	$9.2741\cdot10^{-24}$	Am $^2$
Bohr radius	$a_0$	$0.52918$	Å
Rydberg’s constant	$Ry$	13.595	eV
Electron Compton wavelength	$\lambda_{\rm Ce}=h/m_{\rm e}c$	$2.2463\cdot10^{-12}$	m
Proton Compton wavelength	$\lambda_{\rm Cp}=h/m_{\rm p}c$	$1.3214\cdot10^{-15}$	m
Reduced mass of the H-atom	$\mu_{\rm H}$	$9.1045755\cdot10^{-31}$	kg
Stefan-Boltzmann’s constant	$\sigma$	$5.67032\cdot10^{-8}$	Wm $^{-2}$ K $^{-4}$
Wien’s constant	$k_{\rm W}$	$2.8978\cdot10^{-3}$	mK
Molar gasconstant	$R$	8.31441	J $\cdot$ mol $^{-1}\cdot$ K $^{-1}$
Avogadro’s constant	$N_{\rm A}$	$6.0221367\cdot10^{23}$	mol $^{-1}$
Boltzmann’s constant	$k=R/N_{\rm A}$	$1.380658\cdot10^{-23}$	J/K
Electron mass	$m_{\rm e}$	$9.1093897\cdot10^{-31}$	kg
Proton mass	$m_{\rm p}$	$1.6726231\cdot10^{-27}$	kg
Neutron mass	$m_{\rm n}$	$1.674954\cdot10^{-27}$	kg
Elementary mass unit	$m_{\rm u}=\frac{1}{12}m(^{12}_{~6}$ C)	$1.6605656\cdot10^{-27}$	kg
Nuclear magneton	$\mu_{\rm N}$	$5.0508\cdot10^{-27}$	J/T
Diameter of the Sun	$D_\odot$	$1392\cdot10^6$	m
Mass of the Sun	$M_\odot$	$1.989\cdot10^{30}$	kg
Rotational period of the Sun	$T_\odot$	25.38	days
Radius of Earth	$R_{\rm A}$	$6.378\cdot10^6$	m
Mass of Earth	$M_{\rm A}$	$5.976\cdot10^{24}$	kg
Rotational period of Earth	$T_{\rm A}$	23.96	hours
Earth orbital period	Tropical year	365.24219879	days
Astronomical unit	AU	$1.4959787066\cdot10^{11}$	m
Light year	lj	$9.4605\cdot10^{15}$	m
Parsec	pc	$3.0857\cdot10^{16}$	m
Hubble constant	$H$	$\approx(75\pm25)$	km $\cdot$ s $^{-1}\cdot$ Mpc $^{-1}$

Support Center

How can we help?