9.6: End of Chapter Key Terms
- Page ID
- 96546
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\(\newcommand{\avec}{\mathbf a}\) \(\newcommand{\bvec}{\mathbf b}\) \(\newcommand{\cvec}{\mathbf c}\) \(\newcommand{\dvec}{\mathbf d}\) \(\newcommand{\dtil}{\widetilde{\mathbf d}}\) \(\newcommand{\evec}{\mathbf e}\) \(\newcommand{\fvec}{\mathbf f}\) \(\newcommand{\nvec}{\mathbf n}\) \(\newcommand{\pvec}{\mathbf p}\) \(\newcommand{\qvec}{\mathbf q}\) \(\newcommand{\svec}{\mathbf s}\) \(\newcommand{\tvec}{\mathbf t}\) \(\newcommand{\uvec}{\mathbf u}\) \(\newcommand{\vvec}{\mathbf v}\) \(\newcommand{\wvec}{\mathbf w}\) \(\newcommand{\xvec}{\mathbf x}\) \(\newcommand{\yvec}{\mathbf y}\) \(\newcommand{\zvec}{\mathbf z}\) \(\newcommand{\rvec}{\mathbf r}\) \(\newcommand{\mvec}{\mathbf m}\) \(\newcommand{\zerovec}{\mathbf 0}\) \(\newcommand{\onevec}{\mathbf 1}\) \(\newcommand{\real}{\mathbb R}\) \(\newcommand{\twovec}[2]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\ctwovec}[2]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\threevec}[3]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cthreevec}[3]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\fourvec}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cfourvec}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\fivevec}[5]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \\ #5 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cfivevec}[5]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \\ #5 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\mattwo}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{rr}#1 \amp #2 \\ #3 \amp #4 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\laspan}[1]{\text{Span}\{#1\}}\) \(\newcommand{\bcal}{\cal B}\) \(\newcommand{\ccal}{\cal C}\) \(\newcommand{\scal}{\cal S}\) \(\newcommand{\wcal}{\cal W}\) \(\newcommand{\ecal}{\cal E}\) \(\newcommand{\coords}[2]{\left\{#1\right\}_{#2}}\) \(\newcommand{\gray}[1]{\color{gray}{#1}}\) \(\newcommand{\lgray}[1]{\color{lightgray}{#1}}\) \(\newcommand{\rank}{\operatorname{rank}}\) \(\newcommand{\row}{\text{Row}}\) \(\newcommand{\col}{\text{Col}}\) \(\renewcommand{\row}{\text{Row}}\) \(\newcommand{\nul}{\text{Nul}}\) \(\newcommand{\var}{\text{Var}}\) \(\newcommand{\corr}{\text{corr}}\) \(\newcommand{\len}[1]{\left|#1\right|}\) \(\newcommand{\bbar}{\overline{\bvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\bhat}{\widehat{\bvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\bperp}{\bvec^\perp}\) \(\newcommand{\xhat}{\widehat{\xvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\vhat}{\widehat{\vvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\uhat}{\widehat{\uvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\what}{\widehat{\wvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\Sighat}{\widehat{\Sigma}}\) \(\newcommand{\lt}{<}\) \(\newcommand{\gt}{>}\) \(\newcommand{\amp}{&}\) \(\definecolor{fillinmathshade}{gray}{0.9}\)- Motion: The change in position of an object over time.
- Displacement: The change in position of an object from its initial point to its final point, taking into account direction; measured in meters (m).
- Distance: The total length of the path traveled by an object, regardless of direction; measured in meters (m).
- Speed: The rate at which an object covers distance; calculated as distance divided by time (s = d/t); measured in meters per second (m/s).
- Velocity: The rate at which an object changes its position, including direction; calculated as displacement divided by time (v = Δx/Δt); measured in meters per second (m/s).
- Acceleration: The rate of change of velocity of an object; calculated as change in velocity divided by time (a = Δv/Δt); measured in meters per second squared (m/s²).
- Uniform Motion: Motion at a constant speed in a straight line.
- Non-uniform Motion: Motion that involves a change in speed or direction, or both.
- Instantaneous Speed: The speed of an object at a specific instant in time.
- Average Speed: The total distance traveled divided by the total time taken.
- Instantaneous Velocity: The velocity of an object at a specific instant in time.
- Average Velocity: The total displacement divided by the total time taken.
- Uniform Acceleration: Constant acceleration, such as the acceleration due to gravity.
- Free Fall: The motion of an object under the influence of gravitational force only.
- Projectile Motion: The motion of an object thrown or projected into the air, subject to only the acceleration of gravity.
- Trajectory: The path followed by a projectile or moving object.
- Relative Motion: The calculation of the motion of an object with regard to some other moving object.
- Frame of Reference: A coordinate system used to define and measure the position, orientation, and other properties of objects in it.
- Linear Motion: Motion in a straight line.
- Rotational Motion: Motion of an object about an internal axis.
- Circular Motion: Motion along a circular path or a circular orbit.
- Centripetal Acceleration: The acceleration directed toward the center of a circular path, necessary to maintain circular motion.
- Centripetal Force: The force directed toward the center of a circular path, necessary to maintain circular motion.
- Tangential Velocity: The linear speed of something moving along a circular path.
- Kinematics: The branch of mechanics that describes the motion of objects without considering the causes of motion.
- Dynamics: The branch of mechanics that deals with the forces and their effects on motion.
- Newton’s Laws of Motion: Three fundamental laws describing the relationship between the motion of an object and the forces acting on it.
- Inertia: The tendency of an object to resist changes in its state of motion.
- Momentum: The product of an object's mass and velocity (p = mv); a measure of how difficult it is to stop a moving object.
- Impulse: The change in momentum resulting from a force applied over a period of time (J = Ft).
- Equilibrium: The state in which the net force on an object is zero, resulting in no acceleration.
- Translational Motion: Movement that changes the position of an object without rotation.
- Angular Motion: Rotation around a central point or axis.
- Harmonic Motion: Motion that repeats in cycles, such as a pendulum or a mass on a spring.
- Damped Harmonic Motion: Oscillatory motion that gradually decreases in amplitude over time due to friction or other resistance.
- Simple Harmonic Motion: Oscillatory motion under a restoring force proportional to the displacement from an equilibrium position.
- Uniform Circular Motion: Motion in a circle at constant speed.
- Non-uniform Circular Motion: Motion in a circle with changing speed.
- Velocity-Time Graph: A graph that shows how velocity changes over time, where the slope represents acceleration.
- Position-Time Graph: A graph that shows how position changes over time, where the slope represents velocity.